What factor does social conflict theory emphasize in its analysis of society?

Social conflict theory emphasizes the role of power differentials and inequality in its analysis of society. This theoretical framework posits that society is made up of groups that are in perpetual competition for limited resources, such as wealth, power, and status. It underscores how social structures and institutions often reflect and reinforce these inequalities, leading to conflicts between various groups.

This perspective highlights the idea that social order is maintained not through consensus and cooperation, but rather through the dominance of one group over another. The theory draws attention to issues of oppression and systemic injustice, demonstrating how marginalized groups may struggle against the established power structures. Thus, it offers critical insights into the dynamics of class struggle, racial tensions, and gender inequalities, emphasizing that these conflicts are central to understanding societal changes and developments.

By focusing on power differentials, social conflict theory challenges the notion that society functions harmoniously and instead presents a more nuanced view of social relations where conflict is a natural and expected outcome of competing interests.