According to Jean Piaget’s stages of child development, what stage is a child in if they are mastering multiplication and division in second grade?

The correct answer is the concrete operational stage. In Piaget’s theory, this stage typically occurs between the ages of 7 and 11 years. During the concrete operational stage, children begin to think logically about concrete events and gain a better understanding of the concept of conservation and the relationship between different properties. They can also perform operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division with tangible objects or representations.

Mastering multiplication and division in second grade indicates that the child is developing logical reasoning and the ability to manipulate numerical concepts, which are key characteristics of the concrete operational stage. This stage marks a significant transition where children start to think more about how things work and can apply logic to problems, but still rely heavily on concrete materials rather than abstract reasoning.

Now, looking at the other stages: in the preoperational stage, which occurs before concrete operations, children are typically aged 2 to 7 years and are more focused on symbolic play and egocentrism rather than logical thought. The formal operational stage, beginning around age 12, involves abstract reasoning, hypothetical thinking, and deductive logic, which would not pertain to a child mastering basic arithmetic like multiplication and division. The sensorimotor stage, which occurs from birth to about